2012年高考英语语法填空（历年英语高考动词填空）
高考英语动词语态详解
动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,
2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
被动语态结构：be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)
在改写中应注意：
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;
2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;
3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
时态被动语态结构
一般现在时am/is/aredone
一般过去时was/weredone
现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone
过去进行时was/werebeingdone
一般将来时
shall/will/begoingtobedone
过去将来时Wouldbedone
现在完成时have/hasbeendone
过去完成时hadbeendone
Eg.Somepeopleattackedthetowers.
SVO
Thetowerswereattackedbysomepeople.
SV
1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.
-Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday.
2)Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam.
Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo….
3)WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree.
Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.
4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday.
TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday.
5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool.
Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool.
6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear.
Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear.
7)Weshouldprotecttheearth.
Theearthshouldbeprotected.
8)Youneedtopaintthewall.
Thewallneedstobepainted.
几种特殊结构
1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday.
Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday.
Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.
2.Weoftenhearhimplayguitar.
Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar
注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to;但改成被动语态后必须带to。
Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.
Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.
以下为提高部分
主动式表被动义
1。动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。
read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…
1.Thebooks____well.
A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsold
2.Thiskindofcloth____easily.
A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed
2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。
difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…
1.Thefishisnotfit_toeat_(eat).
2.WefindEnglishishard_tolearn_(learn).
3.Thearticleisdifficult__tounderstand_(understand).
3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。
1.Ihavealotofhomework______(do).
2.I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read).
4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。
(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)
Thesteelfeelscold.
5表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。
(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)
Theshopopensat6am.everyday.
6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义;当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。
Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed
Exercise:
1.Newspapersaremade__paper.Paperismade__wood.
A.from/ofB.of/fromC.of/inD.in/from
2.Alotofnewroads___builtinthewestofChina.
mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have
3.Thisdictionarymustn’t____fromthelibrary.
A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway
4.Myshoes____.Iwentoutforanewpair.
A.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewornoffD.werewornout
5.Hiscar___tomorrow.
A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired
6.Whenyourhomework____,wewillgotoplayfootball.
A.isdoneB.aredoneC.haddoneD.willbedone
7.Heaskedme_______.
A.whatthepaperisusedB.whatthepaperwasusedfor
C.whatwasthepapermadeofD.what’sthepaperusedas
8.Threefourthsoftheinformationontheinternet___inEnglish.
A.amB.isC.areD.be
9.Englishiswidelyused.Manybusinesslettersaroundtheworld___init.
A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting
10.Thispairofscissors___inChina.
A.MakeB.madeC.ismadeD.aremade
11.Threequartersofthemessages_____bytelegraph.
WassentB.weresentC.SentD.send
12.Inthepast10years,China____upmanyman-madesatellites.
A.hasbeensentB.hassentC.wassentD.sent
13.They___tohelpthefarmerswiththeharvestlastautumn.
askedB.askingC.toaskD.wereasked
14.Wearealwayskept____.
tosmokingB.onsmokingC.fromsmokingD.offsmoking
A.learnB.learningC.learnedD.learns
16.Mary___somesongsinherroominthemorning.
A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.isheardtosing
17.Mary___anEnglishsonginherroomlastnight.
A.washeardtosingB.isheardtosingC.washeardsingingD.isheardsinging
18.Theguidesaidthatthedinosaureggs____about95millionyearsago.
layB.werelayC.laidD.werelaid
19.Wefoundtheground____snow.
A.coverwithB.iscoveredwithC.wascoveredwithD.wascoveringwith
20.Theshopassistantshowedahat_____redsilktous.
A.madefromB.madeofC.wasmadeofD.wasmadefrom
21.Wecanfindmanypictures____byXuBeihonginthemuseum.
A.drawingB.drawnC.drewD.todraw
22.Havethesewords_____byusyesterday?
beenlearntB.learntC.learnedD.werelearnt
23.Haveyouheardofadinosaur_____feathers?
A.wascoveredbyB.wascoveredwithC.coveredwithD.coveredby
24.About500cars___inthefactorynextmonth.
A.wereproducedB.willbeproducedC.willbemadeD.havebeenproduced
25.She______for10years.
A.hasbeenmarryB.hasmarriedC.hasbeenmarriedD.havemarry
26.Thesentence“Thankyou”___inoureverydaylife.
A.OftenuseB.oftenuseC.isoftenusedD.areoftenused
27.Mostbusinesslettersare___English.
A.WrotebyB.writingwithC.WritteninD.writtenby
28.Theboxisused__sitting___achair___Mike.
A.for,as,byB.by,for,ofC.as,for,byD.for,by,as
29.Middleschoolstudents___nottosmoke.
A.alwaystellB.aretoldalwaysC.tellalwaysD.arealwaystold
30.Theroomhadbetter____thisafternoon.
A.becleanedB.tobecleanedC.cleanD.toclean
31.Everyoneknowsthatpaper____inChina.
AwasmadefirstB.atfirstwasmadeC.wasmadeatfirstD.wasfirstmade
32.Hesaidthathisteethneeded____.
A.toberepairedB.repairC.repairedD.torepair
33.Theideaseemsgoodbutitneeds_____.
A.TryingonB.TotryatC.TobetriedoutD.Beingtried
34.Tellmewhat_____next.
A.tobefinishedB.BefinishedC.TofinishD.Finish
35.Thedirtyclothes___byhismothernow.
arewashedB.arewashingC.werewashedD.arebeingwashed
36.Tom!You_____onthephonejustnow,butyou_____in.
A.wanted,wereB.arewanted,areC.werewanted,weren’tD.called,aren’t
参考答案：1-5BBDDA6-10ABBAC
11-15BBDCB16-20DCDCB
21-25BACBC26-30CCADA
31-36DACADC
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