2012年高考英语语法填空（历年英语高考动词填空）

高考英语动词语态详解

动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,

2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

被动语态结构：be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)

在改写中应注意：

1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;

2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;

3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。

时态被动语态结构

一般现在时am/is/aredone

一般过去时was/weredone

现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone

过去进行时was/werebeingdone

一般将来时

shall/will/begoingtobedone

过去将来时Wouldbedone

现在完成时have/hasbeendone

过去完成时hadbeendone

Eg.Somepeopleattackedthetowers.

SVO

Thetowerswereattackedbysomepeople.

SV

1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.

-Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday.

2)Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam.

Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo….

3)WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree.

Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.

4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday.

TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday.

5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool.

Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool.

6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear.

Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear.

7)Weshouldprotecttheearth.

Theearthshouldbeprotected.

8)Youneedtopaintthewall.

Thewallneedstobepainted.

几种特殊结构

1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday.

Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday.

Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.

2.Weoftenhearhimplayguitar.

Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar

注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to;但改成被动语态后必须带to。

Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.

Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.

以下为提高部分

主动式表被动义

1。动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。

read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…

1.Thebooks____well.

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsold

2.Thiskindofcloth____easily.

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed

2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。

difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…

1.Thefishisnotfit_toeat_(eat).

2.WefindEnglishishard_tolearn_(learn).

3.Thearticleisdifficult__tounderstand_(understand).

3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。

1.Ihavealotofhomework______(do).

2.I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read).

4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。

(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)

Thesteelfeelscold.

5表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。

(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)

Theshopopensat6am.everyday.

6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义;当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。

Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed

Exercise:

1.Newspapersaremade__paper.Paperismade__wood.

A.from/ofB.of/fromC.of/inD.in/from

2.Alotofnewroads___builtinthewestofChina.

mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have

3.Thisdictionarymustn’t____fromthelibrary.

A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway

4.Myshoes____.Iwentoutforanewpair.

A.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewornoffD.werewornout

5.Hiscar___tomorrow.

A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired

6.Whenyourhomework____,wewillgotoplayfootball.

A.isdoneB.aredoneC.haddoneD.willbedone

7.Heaskedme_______.

A.whatthepaperisusedB.whatthepaperwasusedfor

C.whatwasthepapermadeofD.what’sthepaperusedas

8.Threefourthsoftheinformationontheinternet___inEnglish.

A.amB.isC.areD.be

9.Englishiswidelyused.Manybusinesslettersaroundtheworld___init.

A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting

10.Thispairofscissors___inChina.

A.MakeB.madeC.ismadeD.aremade

11.Threequartersofthemessages_____bytelegraph.

WassentB.weresentC.SentD.send

12.Inthepast10years,China____upmanyman-madesatellites.

A.hasbeensentB.hassentC.wassentD.sent

13.They___tohelpthefarmerswiththeharvestlastautumn.

askedB.askingC.toaskD.wereasked

14.Wearealwayskept____.

tosmokingB.onsmokingC.fromsmokingD.offsmoking

15.Nothingcanstopus___English.

A.learnB.learningC.learnedD.learns

16.Mary___somesongsinherroominthemorning.

A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.isheardtosing

17.Mary___anEnglishsonginherroomlastnight.

A.washeardtosingB.isheardtosingC.washeardsingingD.isheardsinging

18.Theguidesaidthatthedinosaureggs____about95millionyearsago.

layB.werelayC.laidD.werelaid

19.Wefoundtheground____snow.

A.coverwithB.iscoveredwithC.wascoveredwithD.wascoveringwith

20.Theshopassistantshowedahat_____redsilktous.

A.madefromB.madeofC.wasmadeofD.wasmadefrom

21.Wecanfindmanypictures____byXuBeihonginthemuseum.

A.drawingB.drawnC.drewD.todraw

22.Havethesewords_____byusyesterday?

beenlearntB.learntC.learnedD.werelearnt

23.Haveyouheardofadinosaur_____feathers?

A.wascoveredbyB.wascoveredwithC.coveredwithD.coveredby

24.About500cars___inthefactorynextmonth.

A.wereproducedB.willbeproducedC.willbemadeD.havebeenproduced

25.She______for10years.

A.hasbeenmarryB.hasmarriedC.hasbeenmarriedD.havemarry

26.Thesentence“Thankyou”___inoureverydaylife.

A.OftenuseB.oftenuseC.isoftenusedD.areoftenused

27.Mostbusinesslettersare___English.

A.WrotebyB.writingwithC.WritteninD.writtenby

28.Theboxisused__sitting___achair___Mike.

A.for,as,byB.by,for,ofC.as,for,byD.for,by,as

29.Middleschoolstudents___nottosmoke.

A.alwaystellB.aretoldalwaysC.tellalwaysD.arealwaystold

30.Theroomhadbetter____thisafternoon.

A.becleanedB.tobecleanedC.cleanD.toclean

31.Everyoneknowsthatpaper____inChina.

AwasmadefirstB.atfirstwasmadeC.wasmadeatfirstD.wasfirstmade

32.Hesaidthathisteethneeded____.

A.toberepairedB.repairC.repairedD.torepair

33.Theideaseemsgoodbutitneeds_____.

A.TryingonB.TotryatC.TobetriedoutD.Beingtried

34.Tellmewhat_____next.

A.tobefinishedB.BefinishedC.TofinishD.Finish

35.Thedirtyclothes___byhismothernow.

arewashedB.arewashingC.werewashedD.arebeingwashed

36.Tom!You_____onthephonejustnow,butyou_____in.

A.wanted,wereB.arewanted,areC.werewanted,weren’tD.called,aren’t

参考答案：1-5BBDDA6-10ABBAC

11-15BBDCB16-20DCDCB

21-25BACBC26-30CCADA

31-36DACADC

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