2012高考英语冲刺-各种词序题归类简析及答案（高考英语排序题）
词序是高考试题中常考的内容，同时也是中学教材的重点和难点。为便于同学们复习，下面我们把高考中所出现的各种词序题归类简析如下：
一、短语动词中宾语的位置
(79met).ifyoudon'tknowtheword,whydon'tyou______inthedictionary.
(a)lookatit(b)lookafterit
(c)lookupit(d)lookitup
析：答案为d。其意指“查(字典等)”，a意为“看”，b意为“照顾”均不符题意，故排除。由动词加副词构成的短语，其宾语是名词时，宾语可放在整个短语后面，也可插在动词与副词之间，但宾语是代词时，代词宾语只能插在动词与副词之间。
试题选练：(画线项为答案，下同)
(83met).ifyouareathomethisevening,i'll________.
(a)ringyouon(b)ringuponyou
(c)ringtoyou(d)ringyouup
──────-
(78met).ineedadayortwo________
(a)tothinkitover
──────────
(b)tothinkoverit
(c)ofthinking
二、虚拟语气省略if时的词序
(95上海).______forthefreetickets,iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.
(a)ifitisnot
(b)wereitnot
(c)haditnotbeen
(d)iftheywerenot
析：答案为c。这是一个与过去相反的虚拟条件从句的省略形式，当从句中的if省略时，从句要用倒装句。这类倒装句只需将助动词、情态动词或系动词提至主语前即可。常见句式更换如下：
a.与现在相反：ifiwereyou(=wereiyou),iwouldgo
──withhim.
b.与过去相反：ifihadhadtimethen(=hadihadtime
──then),iwouldhavegonewithyou.
c.与将来相反：ifiweretovisit/shouldvisit/visitedthegreatwalltomorrow,(=wereito/shouldivisitthegreat
─────walltomorrow),iwouldtakemysonwithme.
注意：在否定句中not不可提至主语前，如：
(误)weren'tiherenow,iwouldbeinthebus.
────
(正)wereinotherenow,iwouldbeinthebus.
──
试题选练：(94上海).______itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheyangpubridge.
(a)were(b)should
────
(c)would(d)will
_______yourletter,iwouldhavewrittenbacktwodaysago.
(a)ifireceived
(b)shouldireceive
(c)hadireceived
────────
(d)ificouldhavereceived
三、否定词放在句首时的词序
(91met)"doyouknowjimquarrelledwithhisbrother?""idon'tknow,_____
(a)nordon'ticare
(b)nordoicare
(c)idon'tcareneither
(d)idon'tcarealso
析：答案为b。a项多了not，c项、d项分别要改neither、also为either。否定词作状语放在句首时要用倒装句，倒装句只需将情态动词、助动词、系动词be提至主语首即可(见例2)。实意动词的倒装要在主语前面加助动词do，does，did等，此时谓语动词要用动词原形(见例1)。常见的否定词或结构有：neither/nor/never/hardly/little/seldom/scarcely/barely/notuntil/nosoonerthan/hardlywhen/notonly…butalso/atnotime/notonce/bynomeans
例：1.littledideinsteincareformoney.
──
2.bynomeans(never/atnotime)willchinabesuperpowers.
───
试题选练：(85met)."didyouenjoythattrip?""i'mafraidnot.and_______."
(a)myclassmatesdon'teither
(b)myclassmatesdon'ttoo
(c)neitherdomyclassmates
(d)neitherdidmyclassmates
─────────────
(90met).notuntilibegantowork_______howmuchtimeihadwasted.
(a)didn'tirealize(b)didirealize
───────
(c)ididn'trealize(d)irealize
(95nmet).notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver____howseriousthepollutionwas.
(a)didthevillagersrealize
─────────────
(c)thevillagersdidrealize
(d)didn'tthevillagersrealize
(91上海).notonly____pollutedbut____crowded.
(a)wasthecity,werethestreets
(b)thecitywas,werethestreets
(c)wasthecity,thestreetswere
───────────────
(d)thecitywas,thestreetswere
(94上海).little____abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.
(a)doeshecare(b)didhecare
───────
(c)hecares(d)hecared
四、so…that放在句首时的词序
(92上海).so______thatnofishcanliveinit.
(a)thelakeisshallow
(b)shallowthelakeis
(c)shallowisthelake
(d)isthelakeshallow
析：答案为c。在so…that句型中，当so后的部分提到句首时要用部分倒装。如：
soharddoeshestudythatheissuretosucceed.
───────
试题选练：soexcited_____thathecouldn'tspeakaword.
(a)hegets(b)hegot
(c)doesheget(d)didheget
──────
五、so含“也”意时的词序
(87met).johnwonfirstprizeinthecontest.______.
(a)sohedid(b)sodidhe
(c)sohedid,too(d)sodidhe,too.
(79met).ilikesportsand______mybrother
(a)sodoes(b)sois
────
(c)so(d)solike
-ilikeplayingfootball.-_______.
(a)soyoudo(b)sodoyou
(c)youdoso(d)sodidyou
析：答案分别为a、a.so开头的句子，如果是重复前面一句话的部分内容，该内容也适合另一人，物。要用倒装(但谓语要与前句谓语时态，形式一致)。此时两句中的主语不可是同一人或物。如：
hehasgotup,sohavei.
────
youarehonest,soami,soareallofus.
──────
但so开头的句子，如果是重复前面一句话的意见，表示对别人说的话加以肯定，语序不必倒装。此时两句的主语常常是同一人或物。如：
heaskedmetosupporthim,soidid.
──
ihavepassedthemathsexam.soyouhave.
──
六、as引导让步状语从句时的词序
(85met)._____,hedoesn'tstudywell.
(a)asheisclever(b)heisasclever
(c)cleverasheis(d)ascleverheis
析：答案为c。as引导让步状语时要将句中作表语的形容词、名词(前面不可用冠词)、作状语的副词或部分谓语动词提至as(though)前。
child(young)assheis,sheknowsalot.
───────
fastasyourun,icancatchyoueasily.
──
tryasyoumight,youaresuretofailagain.
──
试题选练：_____thedictionary,hecouldnotaffordtobuyit.
(a)muchasheliked
─────────
(b)likedashe
(c)helikedverymuch
(d)ashelikedmuch
七、多个形容词排列时的词序
(95nmet)."howwasyourrecentvisittoqingdao?"
"itwasgreat.wevisitedsomefriends,andspentthe____daysattheseaside."
(a)fewlastsunny
(b)lastfewsunny
(c)lastsunnyfew
(d)fewsunnylast
析：答案为b，此题考测多个形容词或修饰语并列时的位置问题。
多个修饰语并列修饰一个名词时的位置规则为：
a)限定词如：a,the,all,many,little,first,last,these,this等。(如有数词同时出现时，序数词在前，基数词在后。)
b)描绘性形容词如大小，长短，高低，新旧，颜色，国籍，材料，用途，类别等。同类形容词排列时短的在前，长的在后。如：heisakindhonestoldman.(限定+短性质+长性质+年龄)───────
thisuselessoldgeographybookdoesn'tbelongme.(限定+
──────────性质+新旧+种类)
myhouseisfurnishedwiththreecomfortabledarkbrown
─────────────chairs.(数词+性质+短颜色+长颜色)
试题选练：(93nmet).tonyisgoingcampingwith____boys.
(a)littletwoother
(b)twolittleother
(c)twootherlittle
─────────
(d)littleothertwo
wheniwasachild,mygrandmothertoldme____stories.
(a)manysuchfunny
────────
(b)suchmanyfunny
(c)manyfunnysuch
(d)funnymanysuch
hesawnothingbuta_______tableinthefarmhouse.
(a)roundsmallwooden
(b)smallroundwooden
──────────
(c)roundwoodensmall
(d)smallwoodenround
the______bridgeinourvillagewasbuiltscoresofyearsago.
(a)astoneoldfine
(b)anoldstonefine
(c)afineoldstone
─────────
(d)anoldfinestone
thesearehiscousin'sfirsttwo______paintings.
(a)littleredfrenchinterestingoil
(b)interestinglittleredfrenchoil
─────────────────
(c)interestingfrenchlittleredoil
(d)littleredinterstingoilfrench
八：词序不同意义不同的词
(95上海).itwas_____latetocatchabusaftertheparty,thereforewecalledataxi.
(a)toovery(b)muchtoo
(c)toomuch(d)far
析：答案为b。b是个副词词组，只修饰形容词或副词以加强语气。可作形容词修饰名词，也可作名词充当主语，宾语等成分。a中toovery不能连用。d不能修饰原级形容词故排除。常见的词序不同、意义不同的词组有：inall总共/allin疲倦，inhand在手中/handin上交，turnin上交/inturn轮流、排队，fromfar来自远方/farfrom离得远、远非，forgood永远/goodfor对…有好处，allfor都赞成/forall尽管…，muchtoo太，过于，修饰形容词或副词/toomuch太多，充当名词或修饰名词，ifonly要是(常与虚拟语气连用)/onlyif只有(引导条件从句)，longbefore很久以前/beforelong不久以后。
试题选练：iknewyou____iknewjohn.
(a)beforelong(b)longbefore
(c)longago(d)afterlong
_____youtryyourbesttoprepareyourlessonswellwillyoubeabletopasstheexam.
(a)ifonly(b)onlyif
────
(c)longbefore(d)beforelong
九、作定语后置时的情况：
(93nmet)."mum,ithinki'm______togetbacktoschool."
"notreally,mydear,you'dbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo."
(a)sowell(b)sogood
(c)wellenough(d)goodenough
析：此题答案为c。根据题意只能选well意指“健康”。enough修饰形容词或副词时要放在所修饰的词的后面。修饰名词时可置于名词前后。如：
wehaven'tenoughtime(or:timeenough)tolose.
──────
常见的几种修饰语后置的情况有：
1)形容词修饰something,nothing,anything,everything等不定代词时要后置。present作“出席的”之意时，要放在所修饰词后。如：
ihavenothingnewtotellyou.thepeoplepresentareworkers.──
───
2)副词或介词短语作定语时要后置。如：
themanupstairs(inchargeofthefactory)oftencomes
──────────────────homeverylate.
3)以a开头的表语形容词如alive,asleep,awake,alone等作定语时要后置。如：
doyouknowthegreatestpoetaliveinyourcountry?
───
4)非谓语动词作定语时，定语要后置。如：
thebuildingbuiltlastyear/beingbuiltnow/tobebuilt
──────────nextyearwillbeequippedwithcomputers.
试题选练：(89met).therewasaterriblenoise_____thesuddenburstoflight.
(a)followed(b)following
─────
(c)tobefollowed(d)beingfollowed
(87met).mostofthepeople_____tothepartywerefamousscientists.
(a)invited(b)toinvite
────
(c)beinginvited(d)inviting
十、only+状语放在句首时的词序：
(90上海).onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday_____beabletomasterthelanguage.
(a)youcan(b)canyou
(c)youwill(d)willyou
析：答案为c。由“only+状语”引起的强调句放在句首时要用倒装结构，此结构只需把助动词、情态动词或系动词be提至主语前即可，故排除a、c。b中的can与beableto意义重复故也排除。
试题选练：(84met).onlyinthisway_______progressinyourenglish.
(a)youmake
(b)canyoumake
──────
(c)youbeabletomake
(d)willyouabletomake
(86上海).onlywhenthewarwasoverin1945_____togetacollegeeducation.
(a)hewasable(b)heisable
(c)washeable(d)isheable
十一、副词、介词短语放在句首时的词序：
______fromthenorthtothesouthinwinter.
(a)awaydosomebirdsfly
(b)awaydoafewanimalsrun
(c)awayflysomebirds
(d)awayrunalltheanimals
析：答案为c。某些副词如here、there、up、down、in、out等以及介词短语放在句首引起的倒装句(不可用助动词)要注意如下三点：
a.主语是名词时(用完全倒装)把动词提至主语前：here(in)camealady.─────
b.主语是代词时(用部分倒装)只将上述副词提至主语前即可：here(in)hecome.
───
c.介词短语放在句首时要用全部倒装，即动词提至主语前：infrontofthefarmhousesatasmall
boywhowascuttingacane.
───────
试题选练：_____whohadcaughthimthreetimesforstealingbikes.
(a)beforegeorgestoodthepoliceman
─────────────────
(b)beforegeorgethepolicemanstood
(c)thepolicemanstoodbeforegeorge
(d)beforethepolicemanstoodgeorge
____fromthe11thfloorwhenthepolicemanpointedhisgunathim.
(a)downjumpedthemurderer
─────────────
(b)downthemurdererjumped
(c)downjumpedhe
(d)jumpeddownhe
十二、宾语从句的词序
(91nmet).noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.
(a)whatmanwilllooklike
(b)whatwillmanlooklike
(c)manwilllooklikewhat
(d)whatlookwillmanlike
析：此题答案为a。连接代词who,which,what等和连接副词why,where,when等引导的名词性从句，从句的语序要用陈述句语序。b、c、d均属词序错误故排除。
试题选练：(89met).thesephotographswillshowyou______.
(a)whatdoesourvillagelooklike
(b)whatourvillagelookslike
──────────────
(c)howdoesourvillagelooklike
(d)howourvillagelookslike
(90nmet).canyoumakesure_____thegoldring?
(a)wherealicehadput
(b)wherehadaliceput
(c)wherealicehasput
──────────
(d)wherehasaliceput
(92nmet).heasked_______fortheviolin.
(a)didipayhowmuch
(b)ipaidhowmuch
(c)howmuchdidipay
(d)howmuchipaid
────────
十三、不定冠词的位置
(84met).heis______teacherthatallofuslikehim.
(a)asuchgood(b)suchgooda
(c)asogood(d)sogooda
析：答案为d。a、b中冠词的位置应放在such之后。c中冠词应放在good之后。当so…that与不定冠词a/an连用时，冠司a/an要直接放在名词之前。类似结构有too/rather/quite+adj+a/an+名词。
heissocleveraboythatwealllikehim.=heissucha
───cleverboythatwealllikehim.
如果此句改为复数时，只可用such…that，如：
theyaresuchcleverboysthatwealllikethem.
────────
试题选练：(93上海)._______boxcannotbeliftedbyaboyoffive.
(a)soaheavy(b)soheavya
─────
(c)asuchheavy(d)suchheavya
十四、how和however+形容词、副词时的词序
(97nmet)._________，motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.
(a)howeverlateishe
(b)howeverheislate
(c)howeverishelate
(d)howeverlateheis
析：答案选d。当how或however修饰形容词、副词时，要把被修饰的词带走。故排除b、c。从句部分不可用倒装句，故a也排除。如：idon'tknowhowhardtheproblemis.
────
it'suselesshoweverhardyoutry.
──────
试题选练：
(95nmet).ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,________
greatitis.
(a)what(b)how
(c)however(d)whatever
(94上海).youcan'timagine______whentheyreceivedthesenicechristmaspresents.
(a)howtheywereexcited
(b)howexcitedtheywere
───────────
(c)howexcitedwerethey
(d)theywerehowexcited
?
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